Project 3: Build a Web Scraper/Bot | Racket Projects

Python is famous for scraping, but Racket is faster and has excellent HTML parsing libraries.

Tools

We need:

• net/url to fetch pages.
• html-parsing to parse S-expressions (HTML is trees!).

#lang racket
(require net/url)
(require html-parsing)
(require sxml/sxpath)

Fetching the Page

(define (fetch-page url)
  (call/input-url (string->url url)
                  get-pure-port
                  html->xexp))

This returns the HTML as an X-expression (a list of symbols and strings).

Extracting Data (XPath)

We use sxpath to query the tree. It's like CSS selectors but for lists.

(define (get-headlines url)
  (define content (fetch-page url))
  (define extract-h2 (sxpath "//h2/text()"))
  
  (extract-h2 content))

Running the Bot

(define news (get-headlines "https://news.ycombinator.com"))

(with-output-to-file "headlines.txt"
  (lambda ()
    (for ([item news])
      (displayln item)))
  #:exists 'replace)

Summary

Because HTML is nested (like Lisp code), Racket is naturally good at parsing it. You can build powerful extractors without regular expressions.